Słuchanie, zadanie otwarte 2

Zad 3.1

Odpowiedź oczekiwana:
white glue
Przykłady odpowiedzi akceptowalnych:
a/the/some white glue / glue that must be white / white colo(u)red glue / white colo(u)r glue
Przykłady odpowiedzi niepoprawnych:
glue / special glue / fresh glue / something that looks like glue / (real) milk / using white glue

Zad 3.2

Odpowiedź oczekiwana:
how long it takes / (a/the) lack of time
Przykłady odpowiedzi akceptowalnych:
long time it takes / 6 hours needed for that / the length of time it takes / (the) long roasting/cooking time / 6 hours time of roasting / how much time it would take
Przykłady odpowiedzi niepoprawnych:
its size / long preparations for/before cooking the meal / the fact it won’t look good after six hours of waiting / how long it took / long time it took

Zad 3.3

Odpowiedź oczekiwana:
create/produce steam
Przykłady odpowiedzi akceptowalnych:
create a/the/some steam / make steam / provide steam / give the effect of steaming / create a few minutes steam / make few minutes of steam
Przykłady odpowiedzi niepoprawnych:
creating/making steam / steaming / steam / be steaming behind potatoes / make the steaming / be steamed

Zad 3.4

Odpowiedź oczekiwana:
fruit / pieces of fruit
Przykłady odpowiedzi akceptowalnych:
a/the fruit / fruits / fruit pieces / a piece of fruit
Przykłady odpowiedzi niepoprawnych:
a substitute / topping fruit / fruits of the top / hair spray / mashed potatoes

Woman: We’ve all caught ourselves feeling hungry while watching food commercials. However, you wouldn’t want to try the actual onscreen food. Today I’m talking to Nick Owen, producer of food commercials. Nick, how do you make food in advertisements look so delicious?

Nick: There are lots of methods. When you advertise milk on its own, for example, it’s usually shown being poured into a glass and it always looks fresh. But if you add it to cornflakes, they absorb it and look unappetizing. So instead of using real milk, advertisers use glue. But not just any glue. Obviously, it must be white.

Woman: How about other dishes? When Thanksgiving comes, we often see roast turkeys advertised on TV that look absolutely mouth-watering.

Nick: Yes, but a film crew can’t wait six hours for a turkey to roast so the bird simply gets brushed with a mixture of browning sauce, yellow food colouring, and washing up liquid. This gives the same juicy look that you would get after roasting. It saves everybody a lot of time.

Woman: Now another one of my favourites. Baked potatoes. They’re always steaming in commercials, which makes them look very appetizing.

Nick: That’s another trick. Steaming food in advertising looks delicious, but in fact, the potatoes aren’t even hot. Usually, wet cotton balls are put into a microwave and then skillfully hidden behind or inside potatoes. This creates a few minutes of steam for the commercial and makes viewers think that the potatoes have been freshly baked.

Woman: Are there any tricks of the trade for presenting desserts in commercials?

Nick: Ice cream is an interesting example. Real ice cream wouldn’t last too long under hot studio lights, but mashed potatoes are camera-ready all day long so they are a perfect substitute. Viewers won’t know the difference. If you want to advertise an ice cream dessert, you use mashed potatoes and replace the whipped cream with shaving foam, put pieces of fruit on top, and then use hair spray to make the dessert look shiny and fresh.

Woman: Well, Nick, I think I won’t watch TV food commercials for a while. Thanks for talking to us.

Woman: We’ve all caught ourselves feeling hungry while watching food commercials. However, you wouldn’t want to try the actual onscreen food. Today I’m talking to Nick Owen, a producer of food commercials. Nick, how do you make food in advertisements look so delicious?

Nick: There are lots of methods. When you advertise milk on its own, for example, it’s usually shown being poured into a glass and it always looks fresh. But if you add it to cornflakes, they absorb it and look unappetizing. 3.1.  So instead of using real milk, advertisers use glue. But not just any glue. Obviously, it must be white .

Woman: How about other dishes? When Thanksgiving comes, we often see roast turkeys advertised on TV that look absolutely mouth-watering.

Nick: Yes, but 3.2.  a film crew can’t wait six hours for a turkey to roast so the bird simply gets brushed with a mixture of browning sauce, yellow food colouring, and washing up liquid.  This gives the same juicy look that you would get after roasting. It saves everybody a lot of time.

Woman: Now another one of my favourites. Baked potatoes. They’re always steaming in commercials, which makes them look very appetizing.

Nick: That’s another trick. Steaming food in advertising looks delicious, but in fact, the potatoes aren’t even hot. 3.3.  Usually, wet cotton balls are put into a microwave and then skillfully hidden behind or inside potatoes. This creates a few minutes of steam for the commercial  and makes viewers think that the potatoes have been freshly baked.

Woman: Are there any tricks of the trade for presenting desserts in commercials?

Nick: Ice cream is an interesting example. Real ice cream wouldn’t last too long under hot studio lights, but mashed potatoes are camera-ready all day long so they are a perfect substitute. Viewers won’t know the difference. If you want to advertise an ice cream dessert, you use mashed potatoes and replace the whipped cream with shaving foam, 3.4.  put pieces of fruit on top , and then use hair spray to make the dessert look shiny and fresh.

Woman: Well, Nick, I think I won’t watch TV food commercials for a while. Thanks for talking to us.

When Laura Trowbridge, a 22-year-old student from London, decided to take part in a television documentary, she had no idea what an ordeal it would become. Otter Hole, a 2-km long cave where the documentary was being shot, is located on the west bank of the River Wye and has a reputation for being dangerous. As an experienced caver, Laura was well aware of the risks, but no matter how careful you are, accidents do happen.

Deep inside the cave, Laura slipped, fell 7 feet from a ledge, and seriously injured her leg. 3.1.  There was no way she could make it out of the cave on her own .

Heavy rains in the area made the situation critical. 3.2.  Part of the rescue route had been flooded and volunteer rescuers, who arrived at the scene very quickly, could do nothing but wait for the water level to drop.  Only then were they able to enter the cave. Laura was carried 750 meters on a stretcher back to the entrance of the cave. 3.3.  Paul Taylor of Gloucestershire Cave Rescue said that Laura was really patient and calm during the ordeal so the rescuers’ job was much easier .

It was very tight in the cave, and the mud made movement difficult. The rescue team made a superhuman effort in very difficult conditions. 3.4.  The biggest challenge was the narrow tunnel in the section near the entrance.  Laura was given painkillers and often had to be taken off the stretcher. Just imagine, the last ten meters took more than two hours to complete! Sam Moor, another of the rescuers, said that the jokes and witty banter kept spirits high. In his opinion, you have to laugh and joke in such critical situations so as to keep people less stressed.

TO INTERVIEW OR NOT TO INTERVIEW?
A friend of mine once had a curious experience at a job interview. Excited about the possible position, she arrived five minutes early and was immediately shown into the interview room by the receptionist. Following an amicable, easy-going discussion with a panel of interviewers, she was offered the job. Afterwards, 6.5.  one of the interviewers remarked how impressed she was that my friend had been so composed after showing up 25 minutes late for the interview.  As it turned out, the start time 6.6  my friend had been given by the company’s receptionist was wrong by half an hour.  6.5  My friend was so calm because she didn’t know she had turned up late.  She isn’t the type of person who would remain cool if she knew she was late, so 6.7.  the misunderstanding turned out really well for her.  Of course, the interviewers could have also concluded that her calmness was a sign of disrespect. Either way, they would have been wrong to draw conclusions about her future performance in her work based on her attitude at the interview. In this case, thankfully, the outcome was favourable to the applicant.

My friend’s experience is merely an example of a much more widespread problem. Many employers now like to use free-form, unstructured interviews so as to “get to know” a job candidate. Such interviews are also increasingly popular with admissions officers at universities. But this style of interview can lead interviewers to form strong but unjustified impressions.

One solution is to develop an interview protocol based on a careful analysis of what is being looked for in the candidate. Interviews should be structured so that all candidates receive the same questions, 6.8.  a procedure which makes interviews more reliable and more predictive of job success.  Employers should make sure to include a number of questions which test specific job-related skills.